Who Believes in Conspiracy Theories?

Conspiracy theories provide alternative explanations for mainstream events, such as the idea that 9/11 was staged or that the CIA was involved in John F. Kennedy's assassination. In our last article, we explored why people tend to believe in these alternative narratives. Now, let’s address the question: “Who believes in conspiracy theories?”

Scientists often use 'correlations' to measure this, meaning that when one variable increases, another tends to increase as well. For instance, studying more often leads to higher exam grades—a positive correlation. Conversely, a negative correlation occurs when one variable increases while another decreases, like drinking more coffee and getting less sleep. Similarly, researchers examine whether certain personality traits correlate with a belief in conspiracy theories. So, who tends to believe in them?

First, let’s talk about pseudoscientific beliefs. These are ideas that claim to be scientific but don’t follow the scientific method, such as astrology or the mysteries of the Bermuda Triangle. People who hold these beliefs are often more likely to believe in conspiracy theories, as both involve seeing patterns that aren’t really there.

Second, research indicates that belief in conspiracy theories is associated with narcissism. Meaning, people who believe in conspiracy theories often also are narcissistic individuals. In this context, narcissistic individuals tend to have an inflated sense of their own importance, which may make them less inclined to critically assess conspiracy theories.

Third, individuals with schizotypy—a set of personality traits related to but less severe than schizophrenia—are also more likely to believe in conspiracy theories. Schizotypy includes unusual thoughts and behaviors, such as believing in magical powers or telepathy. The link between schizotypy and conspiracy beliefs likely stems from shared factors, like a suspicious mindset. Both people who have schizotypy and people who believe in conspiracy theories are often suspicious about specific events. 

While there are many psychological factors connected to belief in conspiracy theories, we’ve highlighted three of the strongest correlations. If you identify with any of these traits or know someone who does, it doesn't necessarily mean they are prone to conspiracy thinking. Remember, correlation does not imply causation; just because two things are related doesn’t mean one causes the other.

In conclusion, understanding who believes in conspiracy theories can help us navigate these complex beliefs. While certain personality traits may correlate with these beliefs, it’s essential to approach this topic with nuance and critical thinking.

Article in Papiemento: https://arubanative.com/2024/08/01/ken-ta-kere-den-teorianan-di-conspiracion/ 

Reference:

Stasielowicz, L. (2022). Who believes in conspiracy theories? A meta-analysis on personality correlates. Journal of Research in Personality, 98, 104229. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2022.104229